Abstract
As the cornerstones of the smart grid of the future, smart microgrids integrate various Internet of Things (IoT) designs and technologies for applications intended to establish, manage, keep an eye on, and safeguard the microgrid (MG), especially as the IoT grows and changes every day. Urban and rural communities, as well as institutional, commercial, and industrial users, find a smart microgrid (MG) to be a perfect solution. It is a tiny grid that can function independently or in conjunction with the power grid. A MG has two modes of operation: stand-alone and grid-connected. It can switch between these modes in response to various circumstances, such as planned maintenance, expansions, local grid faults, host system deficiencies and failures, and so on. Energy storage is the process of storing and converting energy that can be used for a variety of purposes, including voltage and frequency management, power backup, and cost optimization. IoT is designed to deliver solutions for optim